computer underground essays

PC underground papers The Computer Underground. The start of the electronic correspondence upheaval that began with the open utilization of phones to the development of home PCs has been joined by relating social issues including the exercises of alleged PC programmers, or better alluded to as the PC underground (CU). The CU is made out of PC enthusiasts who remain on the edges of lawfulness. The CU is made out of generally wise individuals, as opposed to the media's portrayal of the ultra savvy and complex high school programmer. The larger part share practically speaking the conviction that data ought to be free and that they reserve a privilege to know. They regularly have some measure of abhorrence for the legislature and the enterprises who attempt to control and market data of any kind. This paper endeavors to uncover what the CU really is and disperse a portion of the legends proliferated by the media and different associations. This paper likewise attempts to show the procedures and explanations f or the criminalization of the CU and how the CU is seen by various associations, just as a portion of the procedures by which it appeared. What the CU is has been tended to by the media, criminologists, secuity firms, and the CU themselves, they all have an alternate comprehension or levels of comprehention, this paper endeavors to show the contrasts between the perspectives just as endeavor to address mistaken assumptions that may have been proliferated by misled sources. The contrasts between the gatherings of the CU, for example, programmers, wafers, phreaks, privateers, and infection journalists have once in a while been perceived and some deny that there are contrasts accordingly this paper endeavors to give a fairly more clear view and characterize precisely what each gathering is and does just as how they identify with each other. Each person in the CU has an alternate degree of complexity with regards to PCs, from the tallness of the propelled infection author and networ... <!

history :: essays research papers

Unique This paper centers around the history and study of trance. The presentation talks about the sources of mesmerizing that go back to pre-noteworthy occasions and the principal individuals to utilize entrancing like strategies to modify or change human conduct utilizing the intensity of proposal. A foundation and investigation of Franz Anton Mesmer, the man who a great many people partner with the start of trance, is explained on all through this paper. I will likewise examine what spellbinding is, the means by which it is utilized to clarify human encounters, and how research does or doesn't bolster the hypothesis of mesmerizing. I will likewise give instances of how trance is applied, why it’s utilized, and how it has been seen in the over a wide span of time times. The History and Science of Hypnosis Introduction a concise history of the idea of spellbinding The study of entrancing, remote from being an act of present day times, is one that has been contemplated and considered over since pre-notable occasions. The work of sleep inducing like strategies to modify human conduct utilizing the intensity of recommendation and redundant motivating forces to awaken the psyche or the spirits were utilized by various antiquated civic establishments (Baker, 1990, p. 51). These techniques were normally connected with a trust in enchantment and the mysterious, and the conviction that these methodology were outside human ability to comprehend. As per Baker (1990), cleric doctors of antiquated Egypt incited rest like states in others. This training was additionally unmistakable in the rest sanctuaries of old style Greece. For this situation, admirers endeavored to invoke Hypnos, the lord of rest, what it's identity was accepted brought them prophetic dreams. Another case of the utilization of entrancing like strategies goes back to 2600 BC in China, where Wang Tai, the dad of Chinese Medicine, composed of a â€Å"medical strategy that included utilizing mantras and s trange ignores of the hands the patient that leaves no uncertainty about its mesmerizing nature (Baker, 1990, p. 51). As per Baker (1990), the utilization of trancelike like strategies and methodology were referenced in the Hindu Vera, expounded on 1500 BC, and the Ebers papyrus, which is known to be more than 3,000 years of age, portrays an expressive strategy incredibly like the procedures present day trance inducers practice today. Despite the fact that the act of mesmerizing seems to have started during these pre-notable occasions, and there are a lot more records like the last mentioned, the truth of the matter is that these individuals of various grounds, a great many years back, may have thought about the odd forces of spellbinding; that it gave off an impression of being enchantment and it helped fix the wiped out, however these antiquated individuals thought minimal about what entrancing truly was (Kennedy, 1979, p.

Take THAT, Microsoft

Take THAT, Microsoft Like you might have read on some of the other blogs, the EA Telethon was last night, which is always a lot of fun. I was in class until 9 PM, so I only made a couple of phone calls, but I really enjoyed talking to you guys. The night was particularly entertaining when we started sharing stories about phone calls last year to freshmen we know and love now. It was pretty funny when I looked at the sign-in sheet and saw the name of someone I knew from the blogs but had never actually met in real life. So I asked Marisa, one of the Admissions Counselors (recent MIT grads who serve on the admissions committee) where he was. He heard me calling his name and we finally were able to introduce ourselves to each other. Are you Dember? Yeah, hi, youre Laura, right? Oh my God, Ive known you for like a year and weve never actually met. I know, you called me at the telethon last year. And so the admissions cycle comes full circle. =) In other news. Mystery Hunt was awesome. Like, really awesome. My story went like this: Mystery Hunt began at noon on Friday when I was still in New Jersey. A couple of hours after that I got on a train to Boston, then took the subway. I got to campus around midnight. On the way back to my dorm I stopped at my teams (Death From Above) headquarters for awhile, duffel bag in hand. Seven hours of puzzling later, I made it back to my room. I took a four hour nap, found something to eat and made it back to my team headquarters around 2 PM Saturday. The coin was found twelve hours later, but since the Hunt Headquarters stayed open until 3 PM Sunday, a (very small) subset of my team decided to stick around anyway. (The way Mystery Hunt works is that the first team to find the hidden coin wins- which means they have the privilege of writing next years Hunt. Normally, that means someone finds the coin and the Hunt is over. This year, the Hunt organizers kept their HQ open for several more hours so that other dedicated teams who werent able to win were still able to actually complete the Hunt, which is a rather impressive task.) In effect, this basically means that the Hunt was mostly over and the few remaining members of my team had no chance of finishing on our own anyway, but I elected to stay awake for 36 straight hours just for the sake of doing puzzles in sleep-deprived delirium. I distinctly remember asking myself around 4 AM (as I was looking up Sanskrit as well as Ancient Egyptian Hieroglyphs for this puzzleyeah, if you read the solution just wait until you see how far off the mark we were) What in the hell am I doing here? It was a beautifully absurd MIT moment. Of course, not everyone is as insane as I am. Plenty of them went to sleep once there was no discernible reason to continue, and there are some who even think Mystery Hunt is a waste of time. But Im personally proud of the hours of my life spent researching obscure languages, sorting by DVD region codes, asking people about different types of tea, seeking out World of Warcraft experts, and carefully assembling little diamond-shaped paper cut-outs in a complex word pattern. For those of you who are interested, you can find the entire 2007 Hunt here. As for the real point of my entry, which is referenced in the title, Id just like to say that according to this web analysis of the Hunt web page, 78.59% of puzzle hunters use Firefox (to IEs 12.83%). Im not sure why, but that statistic makes me inexplicably happy. =)

The Roles of Women in The Chrysanthemums and Every Day Use

In the process that the feminist liberation movement assembled with strength and drive, opinion makers tagged along, and the definitive literature developed, The Chrysanthemums is a fiction, of the 1930’s narrated by a firm and qualified women removed from absolute individual, civil, and intimate fulfillment, by the predominant notion of a women’s role in a world monopolized by men. Every Day Use Irony has it when people do not understand the origin of their own heritage, but make an effort to pretend. There is a grand disconnect when the items of your tradition become artifacts rather than personal items. In the story of Every Day Use, Dee was privileged to go away to school. She was born into an area that was unfortunate and money was the issue. Her mom, Mama, actually raised money with her neighborhood to help send her very own daughter to college. Mama honored Dee by giving her an education that she had never received after Mama’s school closed done before she had finished second grade. Little did she know that the education that she would have provided for her would actually create discomfort and separation between Dee and her family. Dee showed sign of this when: she took pictures of the home she grew up, as if it were to become an article, she completely changed her name despite the family inheritance it carried, and she insisted to keep the quilts , but as an artifact To begin, Dee had been away from home for some time, and Mama was very excited to be reunitedShow MoreRelatedComparison Of The Chrysanthemums And The White Quail 1333 Words   |  6 Pagescharacters were set in the common day view of men and women. In the 1930s, â€Å"[Society has] assigned to white women such roles as housewife, secretary, PTA chairman, and schoolteacher. Black women can now be schoolteachers, too, but they are most prominently assigned to such domestic roles as maid, cook, waitress, and babysitter† (Chisholm 123). These assigned roles have impacted women around the world, including the two characters in these short stories - â€Å"The Chrysanthemums† and â€Å"The White Quail†. NotRead MoreEssay on The Chrysanthemums1123 Words   |  5 Pages Everything is everything in the world of short stories. Steinbecks The Chrysanthemums is full of thick rhetoric that raises questions and stirs the mind and imagination. Everything from the title, to the last line needs to be thought about more than once. The story isnt just about a farmers wife who likes pretty flowers. Not in the least! The Chrysanthemums is a story about how Elisa Allen is forced to a life that she feels is trapping her. The story is set in the early twentieth centuryRead MoreEssay on Symbolism in The Chrysanthemums by John Steinbeck1179 Words   |  5 PagesSymbolism in The Chrysanthemums by John Steinbeck A symbol is an act, person, thing, or spectacle that stands for something else, by association a usually broader idea in addition to its own literal meaning (Cassill Bausch, 1728). John Steinbecks The Chrysanthemums may seem as a story describing a simple day with the Allen couple. It begins with Elisa Allen working in her garden and her husband, Henry Allen, negotiating with two suited business men that want to purchase steers. TheyRead MoreAnalysis Of Chrysanthemums By John Steinbeck971 Words   |  4 PagesChrysanthemums† has many different ideas of what women’s roles are in today’s society. I think one of the key themes is gender inequality. Elisa is a passionate, independent, and a beautiful person inside and out. And no matter what she does or says, her husband will never see her for more than an object. Because the story is written through Elisa’s point of view and is set in 1938. Because of this, it really portrays where women stood at that time. Taking place during winter in Salinas Valley,Read More Little Woman, Small World Essay1978 Words   |  8 PagesIn a small world, there is not much choice for a simple woman. Throughout history, women often are portrayed as the weaker sex. As a result of this assumption, women try to disassociate themselves from this custom and be more independent with their lives. One of John Steinbeck’s most accomplished short stories, â€Å"The Chrysanthemums,† a story which concerns a married couple and examines Elisa’s dissatisfaction with her life. The story takes place in the Salinas Valley of California in December at HenryRead More Feminist Perspective of John Steinbeck’s The Chrysanthemums Essay2630 Words   |  11 PagesA Feminist Perspective of John Steinbeck’s The Chrysanthemums   John Steinbeck, in his short story The Chrysanthemums depicts the trials of a woman attempting to gain power in a mans world. Elisa Allen tries to define the boundaries of her role as a woman in such a closed society. While her environment is portrayed as a tool for social repression, it is through nature in her garden where Elisa gains and shows off her power. As the story progresses, Elisa has trouble extending this powerRead MoreItalian Business Essay1714 Words   |  7 Pagespaid day off for nationally recognized holidays. If the employee is required to work on a national holiday, they are required to receive a pay rate of double their current salary for every hour worked on that date. Italy also celebrates regional holidays. Every major city in Italy closes for their patron saint day. These are nationally recognized holidays in those areas and employers are required to provide a paid day off for those dates. Smaller towns generally celebrate the patron saint day ofRead MoreEnglish All Semester 26504 Words   |  27 Pages 7. What are the neighbors complaining about? What does Judge Stevens say probably has caused it? The neighbors are complaining about a bad smell, Judge Stevens say it’s probably some dead rats. 8. What did Miss Emily tell her visitors the day after her fathers death? Miss Emily told all her visitor her father was not dead. 9. Who began to date Miss Emily in Part III, and why was he in town? Miss Emily began dating Homer Barron in part III; he was a foreman who came to take care toRead MoreChinese Food Culture5877 Words   |  24 Pagesavailable summer foodstuffs are often served chilled and are dressed with a piquant sauce. Holistic Aesthetic Appeal - Chinese cooking has traditionally placed a great deal of emphasis on the aesthetic appeal of the individual dish as well as on the role the individual dish plays in the totality of the dining experience. Inherent in this sentiment is the attention paid to the harmony and balance of the ingredients of an individual dish - the dishs texture, color, aroma, and flavor - as well as theRead MoreGung Ho Movie Analysis9681 Words   |  39 Pagesbetween two very different mentalities in a working environment. 2 . Theoritical Analysis: A.  Ã‚  Hofstede’s  dimensions   The movie Gung Ho tries to show how cultures can benefit from each other. In order to have a deeper understanding, we are going to use the five Hofstede’s dimensions, which show how management is affected by differences and similarities between cultural groupings. We have to keep in mind that these dimensions were defined on a society level and form a general model that describes tendencies

Where Are the Geographic Centers of Each US State

Have you ever wondered where the geographic center of a state is located? (The geographic center would be  where you could balance the state if it were completely flat.) To satisfy your curiosity, here is a list of the geographic centers of the 50 states and Washington, D.C. To be helpful, both the absolute and relative location are given below. Oh, and if you want the information in kilometers rather than miles, multiply by 1.6. The Geographic Centers of Each State in the US​ Alabama -  86 °38W 32 °50.5N - 12 mi. SW of Clanton Alaska -  152 °28.2W 64 °43.9N -  60 mi. NW of Mt. McKinley Arizona -  111 °47.6W 34 °18.5N -  55 mi. ESE of Prescott Arkansas -  92 °18.1W 34 °48.9N -  12 mi. NW of Little Rock California -  120 °4.9W 36 °57.9N -  38 mi. E of Madera Colorado -  105 °38.5W 38 °59.9N -  30 mi. NW of Pikes Peak Connecticut -  72 °42.4W 41 °35.7N -  at East Berlin Delaware -  75 °30.7W 38 °58.8N -  11 mi. S of Dover Florida -  81 °37.9W 28 °8N -  12 mi. NNW of Brooksville Georgia -  83 °29.7W 32 °42.8N - 18 mi. SE of Macon Hawaii -  157 °16.6W 20 °57.1N - near Maui Island Idaho -  114 °57.4W 44 °15.4N -  at Custer, SW of Challis Illinois -  89 °18.4W 40 °0.8N -  28 mi. NE of Springfield Indiana -  86 °16W 39 °53.7N -  14 mi. NNW of Indianapolis Iowa -  93 °23.1W 41 °57.7N -  5 mi. NE of Ames Kansas -  98 °41.9W 38 °29.9N -  15 mi. NE of Great Bend Kentucky -  85 °30.4W 37 °21.5N -  3 mi. NNW of Lebanon Louisiana -  92 °32.2W 30 °58.1N -  3 mi. SE of Marksville Maine -  69 °14W 45 °15.2N -  18 mi. N of Dover Maryland -  77 °22.3W 39 °26.5N -  4 ½ mi. NW of Davidsonville Massachusetts -  72 °1.9W 42 °20.4N - in northern Worcester Michigan -  84 °56.3W 45 °3.7N -  5 mi. NNW of Cadillac Minnesota -  95 °19.6W 46 °1.5N -  10 mi. southwest of Brainerd Mississippi -  89 °43W 32 °48.9N -  9 mi. WNW of Carthage Missouri -  92 °37.9W 38 °29.7N -  20 mi. SW of Jefferson City Montana -  109 °38.3W 47 °1.9N -  11 mi. W of Lewiston Nebraska -  99 °51.7W 41 °31.5N -  10 mi. NW of Broken Bow Nevada -  116 °55.9W 39 °30.3N -  26 mi. SE of Austin New Hampshire -  71 °34.3W 43 °38.5 -  3 mi. E of Ashland New Jersey -  74 °33.5W 40 °4.2N -  5 mi. SE of Trenton New Mexico -  106 °6.7W 34 °30.1N -  12 mi. SSW of Willard New York -  76 °1W 42 °57.9N -  12 mi. S of Oneida and 26 mi. SW of Utica North Carolina -  79 °27.3W 35 °36.2N -  10 mi. NW of Sanford North Dakota -  100 °34.1W 47 °24.7N -  5 mi. SW of McClusky Ohio -  82 °44.5W 40 °21.7N -  25 mi. NNE of Columbus Oklahoma -  97 °39.6W 35 °32.2N - 8 mi. N of Oklahoma City Oregon -  120 °58.7W 43 °52.1N -  25 mi. SSE of Prineville Pennsylvania -  77 °44.8W 40 °53.8N -  2 ½ mi. SW of Bellefonte Rhode Island -  71 °34.6W 41 °40.3N -  1 mi. SSW of Crompton South Carolina -  80 °52.4W 33 °49.8N -  13 mi. SE of Columbia South Dakota -  100 °28.7W 44 °24.1N -  8 mi. NE of Pierre Tennessee -  86 °37.3W 35 °47.7N -  5 mi. NE of Murfreesboro Texas -  99 °27.5W 31 °14.6N -  15 mi. NE of Brady Utah -  111 °41.1W 39 °23.2N -  3 mi. N of Manti Vermont -  72 °40.3W 43 °55.6N -  3 mi. E of Roxbury Virginia -  78 °33.8W 37 °29.3N -  5 mi. SW of Buckingham Washington -  120 °16.1W 47 °20N -  10 mi. WSW of Wenatchee Washington, D.C. -  76 °51W 39 °10N -  Near 4th L Sts. N.W. West Virginia -  80 °42.2W 38 °35.9N -  4 mi. E of Sutton Wisconsin -  89 °45.8W 44 °26N -  9 mi. SE of Marshfield Wyoming -  107 °40.3W 42 °58.3N -  58 mi. ENE of Lander

Econ 256 Final Free Essays

2. Why do economists generally regard median income as a better measure of a typical American’s well-being than mean income? Dfiodifaje 3. Why do the United States, and many other counties, have antitrust laws on the books? What’s so harmful about oligopoly that warrants an entire body of law? The United States and many other countries have antitrust laws on the books to protect their consumers in their different markets. We will write a custom essay sample on Econ 256 Final or any similar topic only for you Order Now Having the abilities to both raise and lower prices are the reasons that oligopolies are so harmful. . Two consumers go to the insurance company to purchase some life insurance. James is a smoker and a police officer who races motorcycles in his spare time. Kathy is a nonsmoker and a librarian who likes to make quilts in her spare time. The insurance company knows that both consumers are 40 years old, but the company has no information about occupations or hobbies. How does the private information in this situation create an adverse-selection problem? How could the insurance company lessen this problem? Without knowing the background information on the potential clients, insurance companies are without the ability to see that while James is risking his life as a police officer, he is also a smoker and racer. He’s putting his life on the line and still increasing the risk of injuries. The insurance should have a line on their application that asks for applicants for their occupation, whether they are smokers or if they drink, and lastly what they enjoy doing in their spare time. With having this information, the company can see what each of the individuals really needs insurance-wise. 6. Jane works part-time and earns $12,000 per year. Because she is below the poverty line, she also earns $4,000 in various welfare benefits. Suppose she is offered a new job that would pay her $15,000 and would bring her earnings high enough so that she no longer qualified for any welfare benefits. This is what is known as a â€Å"notch†. Explain what is happening with Jane and how could we modify the system to eliminate the notch. How to cite Econ 256 Final, Papers

Child of Night free essay sample

I laid motionless, but my brain was spinning. I felt as though at any moment the top bunk would come crashing down and squish me. I stared up in amazement, happy with every breath I took. The view from my bottom bunk wasnt interesting, but due to my lack of fatigue I entertained myself with endless possibilities. I used my hands to hold my eyes open so I would not sleep. Some people didnt wake up from sleep, why would I want to do such a thing? I could hear dishes crashing in the kitchen. Voices talking. As a seven year old I felt my body had endless limitations. What if I missed something important? Mom, I yelled loudly, ignorant to my sleeping siblings. She came rushing into my bedroom. Whats the matter Justine, she quietly whispered to me. Nearly in tears I whimpered, I cant stop thinking. We will write a custom essay sample on Child of Night or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Her face told a story of confusion but she calmly said, Just close your eyes and try to think about sleeping. Mom, I said, when I close my eyes I try to think about what color my eyes are seeing and decide what it should look like and I cant decide! She reassured me, just try to sleep, Justine. Since my existence I have never found sleeping to be particularly easy, its actually very difficult for me. for most people sleep is a wonderful end to their day, its relaxing, calm and rejuvenating, none of which appeal to me. Sleep is the evil in my life. Its the one thing that doesnt make sense to me. Every situation and challenge I look towards with determination and an eagerness to gain knowledge, but sleep is impossible. It is the winning lottery ticket that chances are Ill never find. No matter how hard I try to find new ways to trick my mind into sleeping, nothing works. My body and mind still believe they are young and limitless. Alone with your covers as a shield you can face fears, worries, anxieties, fantasies much more. One particular night I was laying in bed as usual. I’d already taken my nightly water break. I heard my dad come through the door loudly. I debated on getting up to say hello but decided against it. I remember the house being silent. Slowly it began to get louder. Dishes moving. Voices getting louder. Lots of movement. I snuck out of bed to sit near the ajar door. I listened to the grown up fight. Every moment passed felt like an hour. At one point I heard my mom cry out. I marched into the kitchen. My parents saw me and suddenly everything was quiet again. â€Å"Are you ok,† I nervously asked. â€Å"Yes I’m okay, let’s go back to bed,† my mom reassured me as we walked back to my room. I finally feel asleep next to her. As a child of the night, I was unknowingly subjected to a lot of adult conversations. At the time these experiences seemed insignificant in my life, but looking back I can see that they were not. I learned what happened if adults fight. I learned why adults fight, and how. Watching my parents struggle as a couple for so many nights taught me a lot. I became independent and mature thanks to them. I learned how fear could disable someone thanks to them, and I decided to be fearless. I watched my younger siblings feed into their fantasy of every day life, and felt powerful for knowing the truth. After seventeen years I still do not sleep regularly. Looking back I can see the independent and courageous young girl who feared nothing. Unlike normal little girls she did not fear the dark, or being alone, she welcomed it with a sense of determination for knowledge. This mindset has grown with me. There have been innumerable struggles and many difficult school assignments, but I’ve we lcomed them all and conquered them. To this day, when I lie in bed and can not sleep I think back to what color my eyes are seeing. Its red, then blue, then a yellow square appears. I can decide to choose whatever color, shape, or scene I want it to be. Im free to think about any thing. Maybe someday Ill fly a plane. Or swim with sharks. My mind is a place that is only mine, no one can judge it or talk harshly because they are unaware of my numerous thoughts. Laying alone in the dark has helped me work through struggles. Sleep happens to be my arch-nemesis. Reality wants me to get rest and sleep, but my mind doesnt approve. My mind wants to be able to run free and chose its own fate, and that is what I’m doing.

Managing Workforce Diversity

Executive Summary Workforce diversity is an issue that has generated sufficient interest from business managers, and scholars. Simply put effective management of workforce diversity as recognizing, understanding and appreciating the uniqueness of each individual in the staff. This should however not be motivated only by the potential to increase profit margin. Even so, a diverse workforce might result in increase employee creativity and innovation.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Managing Workforce Diversity specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Similarly, an employer who has a good reputation of managing effectively the workforce will automatically attract, recruit and retain the best talent. As result, this group will bring on board different knowledge and experience of dealing with a diverse client base. On the other hand, diversity has its limitations. Some employees might not fit in very well and hence fail to p lay along the team for general good of the organization. Despite this, the benefits outweigh the limitation as portrayed IBM Company and Bank of Montrel. Both the two companies have a reputation of advocating for a diverse workforce. They have included workforce diversification in their corporate strategy and set programs to ensure they achieve these objectives. As a result, they have achieved tremendous success and increased employee productivity. Perhaps, the only challenge they have had to face in the process is committing most of their time and resources (money) in pursuing this endeavour. Introduction Without a doubt, the greatest asset an organization can have is its human resource. Therefore, issues affecting the staff have increasingly become popular among business managers, scholars, policy makers and other stake holders. One issue that have particularly generated sufficient interest is managing workforce diversity. O’leary Weathington (2006) defines diversity simpl y as way of differentiating one person from another. Diversity is about recognizing and appreciating the uniqueness of each person. People can be different in terms of race, sexual orientation, age, gender and physical abilities just to mention a few (Burke 2007). As a result, workforce diversity has become a major business concern. Managing it should not be merely motivated by the potential of increasing the profit margin but also, should be to ensure the work environment is conducive, safe and nurturing (O’leary Weathington 2006). Any business that manages its workforce effectively is bound to enjoy several benefits. Advantages of Workforce diversity It would be hypocritical not to acknowledge the fact that most business primarily exist with an intention of profit maximization. As result, most of the organization activities will be geared towards achieving this goal. Efficient management of the workforce diversity can accelerate the process by increasing the companyâ€℠¢s competitive edge (Ongori Agolla 2007).Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More O’leary Weathington (2006) pointed out that are diversified staff is likely to be more creative, innovative and generally possess a relatively high ability of coming up with quality work. As oppose to a homogeneous group, when a diverse group gets acquainted to one another, their job performance becomes superior due to an efficient interaction process (Ongori Agolla 2007). Workforce diversity has also been credited with the ability of increasing the market share. This is because a diversified organization has the necessary resources, in terms of skill, to deal with a multicultural client base. Similarly, various studies have established that most customers prefer to deal with people who they perceive to possess similar attributes as theirs. This factor particularly becomes important to an or ganization which is looking to venture into new and foreign markets, such as a different country (Burke 2007). Another very important point is the fact that according to Burke (2007), a significant group of customers generally favour those organizations that seem to encourage workforce diversity. Having an effective employer brand can significantly increase a business profit margin. This is because; an employer who is positively perceived will automatically attract, recruit and retain the best talent. Workforce diversity is one factor that has enhances this brand. According to Burke (2007), companies that have a diversified workforce and therefore a strong brand, enjoy reduced cost associated with the recruitment process by almost 40%. After recruiting the best talent, consisting of diverse individuals, the quality of management is most likely going to be improved. This is due to the fact managers are forced by various legislation and ethical guidelines to adopt anti-discriminatory policies. Manager also gain additional skills of handling different types of people and therefore are prepared to deal even with are more diverse client base (Burke 2007). Disadvantages Despite the overwhelming merits associated with workforce diversity, there still exist some negative factors that have been associated with it. O’leary Weathington (2006) actually pointed out that workforce diversity can be a double edge sword. This is especially true if the organization manages it primary for the purpose of profit maximization. Unfortunately, most management efforts are geared towards this goal. Mismanaging the workforce diversity makes an organization prone to various set backs. To begin with, the morale of the workers becomes dampened. From reviewing various literatures, O’leary Weathington (2006) discovered that when an employee fails to identify with a certain group, he or she loses the morale and consequently experience job dissatisfaction.Advertising We wi ll write a custom report sample on Managing Workforce Diversity specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More According to Browder Miller (2009) there are certain groups of people who react adversely to various initiatives adopted to manage the workforce diversity. For example, a study indicated that women and people from ethnic minority will react positively to a diversified work force. However, white male showed a negative attitude towards these initiatives and even become less productive. When diversity is not positively appreciated by the workforce, an organization will automatically experience a number of stumbling blocks. These barriers will include an upsurge in interpersonal conflict, diminished commitments level, and automatically lack of team work (O’leary Weathington 2006). Case Studies As outlined by O’leary Weathington (2006), the issue is not whether or not to diversify the workforce, diversify is inevitable; the iss ue is how to effectively manage diversification. There are number of organizations that have successful been able to do this and as a result have enjoyed tremendous success. A good example includes the following. International Business Machine (IBM) IBM is a multinational company specializing in information technology and business consulting. Over its long and outstanding history, the company has achieved tremendous success. For example in the year 2000, Forbes magazine ranked it as the world second largest Information and Technology Company both in terms of market capitalization and profitability. Similarly, recent data ranks it as number four in terms of size and number two in terms of Global brand value; coming second after Coca-cola company (Browder Miller 2009). Workforce Diversity at IBM Among the factors attributed to its success is its effective management of workforce diversity. Ted Childs, one of its retired executive, was in fact in 2000 named by a reporter in the Fast C ompany magazine as the most effective diversity executive in the world. Long before the need to effectively manage workforce diversity became an issue, IBM had already incorporated it in its policies as a major strategic objective. Currently the management practices and policies guiding the workforce diversity are well expanded to focus on matters beyond the normal issues such as gender, race, religion, and physical abilities (Browder Miller 2009). Equal opportunity, affirmative action and work/life are the most notable programs this company has taken on to effectively manage its workforce diversity. By equal opportunity, the company implies that all its business activities are free of any form of discrimination. It is the duty of every manager to ensure the workplace environment is conducive for all employees.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Regardless of colour, physical ability, gender, sexual orientation or any other unique attribute, every employee in the organization has an equal chance of pursuing and advancing in their career to the best of their ability. This is in line with equity theory which implies that employees usually expect to be rewarded according to their efforts (IBM 2007; O’leary Weathington 2006). IBM management also acknowledges not all employees are able to compete on an equal ground. When the environment is left on its own without any form of control, some employees will be at a disadvantage. Some of these employees include the disabled, women, aboriginals, among others. Therefore, it was deemed appropriate to formulate an affirmative action that ensured all factors hindering this group of people are excluded (IBM 2007). For example, the organization addresses the needs of the women through the Women in Technology initiative. This initiative was undertaken in 1997 to support talented wome n in the technology industry. Through partnership with other organizations, it encourages more young girls to pursue career in IT sector. Similarly, it creates an effective recruitment process to bring on board more talented women. Another similar initiative is its accommodation fund which aims at enabling people with disability access adaptive equipments that helps them function as well as other people. This fund aims to cover the cost of acquiring these equipments. Also, part of its workforce diversity policies is the work/life program. This program indicates that the organization understands different employees have other needs apart from working (IBM 2007; Browder Miller 2009). Advantages of Workforce diversity to IBM According to O’leary Weathington (2006) employees naturally value a sense of justice and fairness. If they feel this is not being offered to them, then they are more inclined to take actions that will definitely have negative effects on their productivity. However, if they feel their needs is being addressed the vice-versa will happen. Such is the case at IBM, the management at the company have pointed out that they have experienced increased teamwork. For instance, Browder Miller (2009) elaborated that the partnership between senior management and employees has significantly evolved to a point whereby a positive overhaul in organization culture was experienced. According to Browder Miller (2009) most of this organization’s employees feel personally involved in the company’s matters and hence hold themselves responsible for the company’s success. Another important merit is the fact that IBM has used it’s the diversification as bridge to the market place. As result, the capacity to handle foreign culture and belief has tremendously increased. These initiatives have also streamlined the recruitment process enabling the company to attract the best talent. Even when there is scarce talent in the labour marke t, initiatives such as the training of fresh talent ensures the organization has plenty of supply. Women in Technology, is such as initiative. However, a notable contribution of the workforce diversity to the company’s bottom line is the fact it was able to turn 10 million dollars to 200 million dollar. This happened within a span of 3 years, from 198 to 2001, as result of effectively employing a diverse group of vendors (IBM 2007; Browder Miller 2009). Disadvantages Amid all the benefits effective management of workforce diversity has brought to both the employees and the organization, there still exist some minor demerits experienced. One of the major set back is the increase in operating cost. The organization over the past years has been forced to spend huge sums of money to maintain its image as a global organization that highly support diversification. For example, buying adaptive instrument require additional allocation of funds. Similarly, their work/life balance pro gram, which at times allows employees to work at home, has to a certain percentage reduced the control of the manager (IBM 2007; Browder Miller 2009). Another factor that can act as disadvantage to this organization is combining workforce diversification program with affirmative action. The move can be quite counter productive. This is because, more often than not affirmative action are designed to cover certain groups of people who had previously experienced some sort of social injustice. As result, applying it as workforce diversity program can mistakenly favour one group over the other. Therefore, when adopted in an organization, as in the case for IBM, it might lead to resistance. At the moment staffs in this organization very satisfied with what IBM is doing. Therefore it should not relent in its efforts of effectively managing the workforce diversity (IBM 2007; Browder Miller 2009). Bank of Montreal (BMO) Bank of Montreal, or as it is well known BMO, is another company that has a high reputation of effectively managing and encouraging workforce diversity. It is cited as the oldest and fourth largest bank-in terms of customer’s deposit- in Canada. In 1989, it incorporated the establishing and managing of a diverse workforce in its corporate strategy. The move indicated how serious this company is when it comes to managing workforce diversity. Recently, it was awarded the 2010 Canada’s Best Diversity Employer (BMO financial group 2010). Workforce Diversity at BMO The company has taken several steps to ensure workforce diversity is well managed. As an indication of how serious it is on the issue, the top leadership have been fully involved in the process. This is done through the establishment of a CEO council of equitable workplace. The council regularly monitors and review the progress of the organization towards achieving the set goals. Well laid down infrastructure such online platforms, helps in reviewing the progress quarterly. Similar ly, annual performance appraisals are conducted. The assigned managers are held accountable of any regression witnessed. If the progress in their departments is wanting, they should have a good enough reason as to why that is so, while at the sometime suggesting ways of improving the system (BMO financial group 2010). To ensure the environment is conducive enough to support the works of senior management, the company went ahead and develop the diversity councils and affinity groups. Diversity councils are groups which actively involves all the employees of BMO in the process of effectively managing the workforce. They create a platform which allow these employees to champion for are diversified and inclusive work environment. Affinity group contributes to the success of these objectives by including the whole community at large (BMO financial group 2010). In addition, BMO has gone an extra mile to become the top sponsor of the external diversity employer award. This is an award syst em that honours those companies that manages well their diverse workforce. The main aim of the award scheme is to encourage organization to adopt workplace best management practices. Such a move signals that this organization is not merely motivated by profit gains, but it is sincerely concerned about the welfare of the workforce. This conclusion is arrived by considering two factors; the first one is the fact that it encourages other organization to incorporate objectives concerning effective management of workforce diversity, in their corporate. This it does knowing very well that when other organizations adopts its recommendation, their might increase their competitive advantage. As result, pose serious competition especially if they are targeting the same market. The second one, is the fact that BMO is not eligible to contest therefore missing out the opportunities that comes along with being among the winners (BMO financial group 2010). Advantages of Workforce diversity to BMO Both external studies and sources within the company have pointed out to a number of benefits associated with effective management of workforce diversity. These benefits are not any different from those enjoyed by IBM or any other company that has adopted best practices. Particularly the company is enjoying merits in the recruitment and retention process. Initiatives such as equity through education, undertaken by this organization continuously ensure there is supply of talent. This initiative provides education and training to marginalized groups (BMO financial group 2010).. Similarly, the diverse workforce has assisted this organization to understand the customers. Therefore, it has become is to forecast the way customers are likely to react when certain business actions are undertaken. BMO financial group (2010), acknowledge this fact by categorically stating that its diverse workforce reflects its customer base. For a company operating in Canada, whereby visible minorities and p eople regarded as ‘marginalized’ hold quite a substantial purchasing power, this factor becomes very important. More over, when BMO hired Chinese speaking employees in its branches at the Asian markets, its level of success increased since customer responded positively. The employees were culturally competent and therefore well positioned to satisfy the customers’ needs. For example, they suggested new ways of interacting with customers and changes in the organization structure and branding techniques, to include factors such as new colours which reflect the culture of this nation (BMO financial group 2010). Effective management of the workforce diversity has not only benefited the employer but also the employees. Particularly the policies associated with communication has enabled employee voice their concerns in areas where they feel equal opportunity is not being practiced. As result, employees have become more aware their rights. If either one of them feel his or her right is being isolated, they know exactly which offices they can visit to present their case and demand for necessary action to be taken. As result, various surveys have indicated that most employee of this organization continuously feel as essential part of the system. This has automatically resulted into increase productivity and levels of commitment. Actually senior executives have reported a continuous increase in creativity, innovation and collective knowledge (BMO financial group 2010). Disadvantage Various cultural dimensions will determine how people behave or generally conduct themselves. Definitely multi-cultural workforce is bound to experience various challenges. Factors such as language barrier, key values and approach to life can make an employee detach him or herself from the visibly different group. As result BMO has been forced to engage in tremendous effort and dedicate massive resources required to ensure there is harmony among all employees (BMO financia l group 2010). This takes a lot of time and money; extra employees are needed for the sole purpose of ensuring accord. Similar employees, especially top managers, have to spend substantial time analysing and reviewing whether the company is in progress of achieving the objectives. Despite this efforts there still some attitude among employees that do not compile with the general attitude of the organization. This non-physical hostile behaviour administered to minorities by the majorities can result in serious legal implications that might either affect the company financially or dent its corporate image (Burke 2007; BMO financial group 2010). Conclusion Whether to diversify the workforce or not is not the issue; the current business operating environment has made diversification unavoidable. The issue is how a business can effectively manage and encourage work diversity. This should not be merely for the purpose of maximizing the profit, but should be for the general good of its emp loyee. Provided the employee feel an organization has their interest at heart, their productivity will be increased and accordingly result in a higher profit margin. Such is the case for IBM and BMO. Although the two organizations have massively invested towards ensuring an effective and diversified workforce, they have been reaping the sumptuous benefits. Reference List BMO Financial Group, 2010. Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion. Web. Browder, L.M. Miller 2009, Workforce Diversity: The Big Blue Case, McGraw-Hill, New Delhi. Burke, L.M. 2007, Managing the Diverse Workforce Effectively, Rutledge, London. IBM, 2007. Global workforce diversity. Web. O’Leary, B.J., Weathington B.L., 2006. Beyond the Business Case for Diversity in Organisations. Employee Responsibilities and Rights Journal, Dec, 18 (4), pp.1-10. Ongori, H., Agolla, J., 2007. Critical Review of Literature on Workforce Diversity.  Africa Journal of Business Management, 22 (4), pp. 72-76. This report on Managing Workforce Diversity was written and submitted by user Yesenia French to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Definition of the Triangle Trade (Rum and Slave Trade)

Definition of the Triangle Trade (Rum and Slave Trade) In the 1560’s, Sir John Hawkins pioneered the way for the slave triangle that would take place between England, Africa, and North America.   While the origins of the slave trade from Africa can be traced back to days of the Roman Empire, Hawkins voyages were the first for England. The country would see slave trade flourish through more than 10,000 recorded voyages up through March 1807 when the British Parliament abolished it throughout the British Empire and specifically across the Atlantic with the passage of the Slave Trade Act. Hawkins was very cognizant of the profits that could be made from the slave trade and he personally made three voyages. Hawkins was from Plymouth, Devon, England and was cousins with Sir Francis Drake. It is alleged that Hawkins was the first individual to make a profit from each leg of the triangular trade. This triangular trade consisted of English goods such as copper, cloth, fur and beads being traded on the African for slaves who were then trafficked on what has become to be known as the infamous Middle Passage. This brought them across the Atlantic Ocean to then be traded for goods that had been produced in the New World, and these goods were then transported back to England. There was also a variation of this system of trade that was very commonplace during the  colonial era in American History. New Englanders traded extensively, exporting  many commodities  such as fish, whale oil, furs, and rum and followed the following pattern that occurred as follows: New Englanders manufactured and shipped rum to the west coast of Africa in exchange for slaves.The slaves were taken on the Middle Passage to the West Indies where they were sold for molasses and money.The molasses would be sent to New England to make rum and start the entire system of trade all over again. In the colonial era, the various colonies played different roles in what was produced and used for trade purposes in this triangular trade. Massachusetts and Rhode Island were known to produce the highest quality rum from the molasses and sugars that had been imported from the West Indies.   The distilleries from these two colonies would prove to be vital to the continued triangular slave trade that was extremely profitable. Virginia’s tobacco and hemp production also played a major role as well as cotton from the southern colonies.   Any cash crop and raw materials that the colonies could produce were more than welcome in England as well as throughout the rest of Europe for trade. But these types of goods and commodities were labor intensive, so the colonies relied on the use of slave for their production that in turn helped to fuel the necessity of continuing the trade triangle. Since this era is generally considered to be the age of sail, the routes that were used were chosen due to the prevailing wind and current patterns. This meant that is was more efficient for the countries situated in Western Europe to first sail southward until they reached the area known for the â€Å"trade winds† before heading west towards the Caribbean in lieu of sailing a straight course to the American colonies. Then for the return trip to England, the ships would travel the Gulf Stream and head in a Northeast direction utilizing the prevailing winds from the west to power their sails. It is important to note that the triangle trade was not an official or rigid system of trade, but instead a name that has been given to this triangular route of trade that existed between these three places across the Atlantic. Further, other triangle-shaped trade routes existed at this time. However, when individuals speak of the triangle trade, they are typically referring to this system.

The importance of living healthy Research Paper

The importance of living healthy - Research Paper Example The diet that one consumes plays a significant role in ensuring healthy living in that certain diet contain substances that assist the promotion of health, as in the case for Mediterranean diets that are found to be a healthier than diets supplemented by additives to ensure that they are healthy (Healy). In this case, living healthy focuses on the issue of nutrition and the diet, that one follows and how well one eats. Therefore, living healthy does not necessarily mean that one eats based on limiting his or her nutritional intake, but is instead based on the consumption of naturally balanced foods that do not require modification in order to meet the nutritional needs of an individual. This is further shown by Mediterranean diets that have been proven to be way healthier as compared to conventional foods taken by diet fanatics. This is because studies show that people consuming diets low in fat do not necessarily mean that one’s diet is healthy; as they were found to be more at risk of heart disease and stroke as compared to those having natural foods as found in the Mediterranean foods (Healy). However, healthy living in terms of dietary intake reveals the need to consume certain foods in moderation, and others as if one’s life depended on it such as fatty fish for constant nutrition and avoidance of red meat. This means that low-fat diets are not beneficial for healthy living, but consumption of fruits and vegetables, as well as lean meats leads to healthy living in regard to nutrition and it has less risk to certain health complications such as strokes and heart attacks. In addition, healthy living in nutrition facilitates the body to be more responsive in relation to one’s physiology in cases of inflammation and insulin insensitivity. This is because a healthy diet contributes to a healthy body that is able to regulate its processes and prevent cardiovascular disease (Dray). Therefore, adding oats in nutrition that are rich in fiber se rves to create a feeling of satisfaction throughout the day, which translates to reduced intake of unhealthy foods. In addition, oats increase the rate of metabolism in the body creating an environment conducive for the burning of fat leading to a healthy body with enhanced aesthetics. This is also as seen in the case of adding avocadoes in the diet, whereby they provide fats to the body in an unsaturated form, which is important in creating a â€Å"quiet hunger†. The quiet hunger is relevant in metabolizing belly fat and providing protein, as well as fiber to the body lading to enhanced health and reduced susceptibility to diseases. In addition, healthy living based on nutrition eliminates vulnerability to certain conditions that have no cure, but are preventable such as cancer. This is evident by consuming foods with broccoli as it has preventive properties against cancer, which cuts back on one’s quality of life (Klein 33). In order to ensure healthy living, it is i mportant to consider exercise, which serves to prolong human life and exercise, just like nutrition, does not mean heavy exercise or one that is prescribed (Thornton and Brunton 12). Instead, it refers to living in an environment that beats conventional convenience, which means that one is pushed towards physical activity by his or her needs in order to run errands that

Information sources in marketing Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Information sources in marketing - Term Paper Example They also contain accurate information on past financial activities and thus act as reliable historical sources of information on financial management (Mort, 2003). Information sources in financial management also dwell on financial accounting, its principles and its assumptions. These sources analyze the international accounting standards that are upheld in terms of analysis and presentation of financial information. Some of them give a good analysis on currencies in Financial Management. The world has many currencies; as many as the number of countries available. These currencies vary in their market strength, and studying them is essential in establishing their relationship. It also enables one to compare the imports and exports of countries in terms of foreign exchange and international trade. To add to this, one gets to understand the various Fiscal policies and their implications in the modern financial markets. The information sources in this field of business are easily available. They exist in both soft and hard copy, with some being exclusively digital sources. Audit and government institutions provide this information through the cri tical analysis of the economy. There are various communication structures in Financial Management. These include associations, societies and journals. Some of the major associations include the Financial Management Association. This association supports scholars in various financial grounds and activities. It assists in the professional, academic and day-to-day life development of college students who are interested in banking, real estate, investment management and financial management. It gives them a firm background and foundation in their business studies, enabling them to be among the best in the financial industry. The European Financial Management Association is another association that is used as a communication

A Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy Was Indicated Nursing Essay

A Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy Was Indicated Nursing Essay Cholecystitis is defined as an inflammation of the gallbladder caused most commonly by the obstruction of the cystic duct Bloom et al., 2012. The gallbladder is a small organ located under the liver that plays a major role in the digestion of fat (Balentine, 2012). Normally bile and digestive enzymes pass out of the gallbladder on their way to the small intestine. If this flow becomes blocked, it will build up inside the gallbladder, causing swelling, upper abdominal pain, and gallstones resulting in liver dysfunction (Bloom et al, 2012; Mackillop Williamson, 2010). Gallstones are solid particles that are formed from bile (Balentine, 2012). Common risk factors in the formation of gallstones include being female of childbearing age, overweight, certain medications such as birth control pills or statins, rapid weight loss, poor dietary habits and pregnancy (Ali, Cahill, Watson, 2004; Balentine, 2012; Mackillop Williamson, 2010). Gallstones can block the outflow of bile and digestive enzymes from the pancreas. If this blockage persists, the gallbladder can become inflamed causing cholecystitis (Balentine, 2012). The initial treatment of cholecystitis includes bowel rest, intravenous hydration, analgesia and antibiotics (Bloom et al., 2012). Outpatient management may be suitable however if surgical treatment is indicated, laparoscopic cholecystectomy represents the gold standard of care (Bignell et al., 2011; Chowbey et al., 2010; Farkas et al, 2012; Tsimoyiannis et al., 2009). In the diagnostic process for surgical interventions an ultrasound scan may be performed however magnetic resonance cholangio-pancreatography (MRCP) is the diagnostic preference for gallstones (Mackillop Williamson, 2010). MRCP is a non-invasive technique used for viewing the bile and pancreatic ducts and gallbladder using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (Mackillop Williamson, 2010). Laparoscopic cholecystectomy requires gas to be administered into the peritoneal cavity and thus routinely requires general anaesthesia with intubation (Sherwinter, 2011). The advantage of laparoscopic cholecystectomy results from preserving the integrity of the abdominal wall which reduces operative trauma and complications. It also has been shown to have a greater recovery time decreases postoperative pain and the need for postoperative analgesia, shortens hospital stay and returns the patient to full activity within 1 week (Sherwinter, 2011; Tsimoyiannis et al., 2009). For the operation anaesthesia was induced with fentanyl, midazolam, propfol and rocuronium. Tracheal intubation was facilitated with suxamethonium. Anaesthesia was maintained with a propofol infusion accompanied with a nitrous oxide and oxygen ventilation. Mrs Smith was also given 4mg of ondansetron before the end of surgery for the prevention of post-operative nausea and vomiting and was administered bupivacaine into all trocar wound sites. At the conclusion of the surgery Mrs Smith was administered glycopyrrolate and neostigmine to antagonize the residual neuromuscular blockage and pain relief was given via fentanyl pain protocol. After induction of anaesthesia Mrs Smith was positioned in the reverse Trendelenberg with the right side of the table elevated. Abdominal insufflation was achieved with CO2 and intra-abdominal pressure was maintained at approximately 13 mm Hg (Gupta et al., 2007; Shora et al., 2008; Tsimoyiannis et al., 2009). Intra operative monitoring included electroencephalogram (EEG), pulse oximetry, blood pressure and heart rate via arterial line, and temperature (MacKay, Sleigh, Voss Barnard, 2010; Shora et al., 2008) One clinical issue related to Mrs Smiths perioperative care is strategies to avoid wrong-site surgery. Safe surgery is a world-wide recognised issue (WHO, 2009). Healthcare and surgical care provision encompass such a degree of variation and complexity that it involves an increased risk of errors (Weiser et al., 2010). These increased risks are due to multifaceted issues of human error where there is a breakdown in communication or processes (Brady, 2009). The WHO Surgical Safety Checklist is designed to enhance both communication and teamwork and to safeguard that healthcare professionals deliver evidence based patient care (Anderson 2009). The surgical safety checklist identifies three phases of an operation; the sign in time out and sign out. Each point corresponds to a specific period in the normal flow of work. A checklist coordinator, usually the circulating nurse, ensures that the surgical team has completed the listed tasks before continuing onto the next phase (WHO, 2008) The sign in period is before the induction of anaesthesia (WHO, 2008). This is where the patient confirms to operating room staff, their identity, type and site of operation (in their own words), and confirms their approval for the procedure by acknowledging their signature on the consent form. The anaesthesia safety check is also completed within this phase. This check asks questions relating to allergies, make-up or nail polish, dentures or prosthesis, time bladder last emptied and the time that the last food and fluid where consumed. It likewise checks identification band, and whether the operative site has been marked by doctor (Queensland Health, 2011). The sign in phase allows for the checklist to not merely be a to do list. It ensures that important safety identifiers have been checked and collated correctly (Karl, 2009). It permits a logical and systematic approach aligning with the organizations values, highlighting patient safety and recognising individual roles in ensuring patient safety within the multidisciplinary partnership. This phase also emphasises an institutions regulatory requirements that essentially improves patient care (Conley et al, 2011). The second phase is the time out. This occurs before skin incision (WHO, 2008). Operating staff actively confirm differing team members roles. The surgeon, anaesthesia professional and nurse verbally confirm the patient, type and site of the operation to be performed and visually check for a valid consent. For the nursing team it is also a time to review sterility and equipment (WHO, 2008). Brady (2009) reports that wrong site surgery is the second highest among all sentinel events recorded. He attributes faulty communication and organizational culture as factors contributing to sentinel events and endorses strategies such as surgical safety checklists, that increase the effectiveness of team functioning. The third phase of sign out is initiated before the patient leaves the operating room (WHO, 2008). The checklist coordinator confirms with the team the name of the procedure recorded, that the surgical count is correct, the specimen is labelled accurately and if there were any equipment problems needing to be addressed (WHO, 2008). This period again emphasises improved communication among surgical team members and thus quality of care (WHO, 2012). According to Kao and Thomas (2008, as cited in Jones, 2011) surgical errors such as wrong site surgery can be attributed to individuals as opposed to one individual. By this constant communication and clarification at certain time periods throughout an operation demonstrates improved communication where potential risks where minimised (Jones, 2011). Jones (2011) also claims that with the WHO checklist, interaction between team members have improved and potential risks minimised. Surgical safety checklists not only improve communication and teamwork, but also improve understanding of each others roles (Bell, 2010). This strategy can achieve massive reductions in complications and studies indicate that a checklist works because it is more than just a tick sheet. With the effective adoption it generally requires local system changes and a commitment to teamwork for safety (WHO, 2012). Checklists are acknowledged as an organised system for a safe ending to a task. Research has suggested that at least half of all surgical errors are avoidable (Weiser et al (2010). If used properly the WHO Surgical Safety Checklist, through effective teamwork and communication will result in the right patient, having the right procedure, at the right time in the right area (Donaldson 2008). Sherwinter, D. A. (2011). Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy. Retrieved from http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1582292-overview Queensland Health (2011). Perioperative Patient Record. Retrieved from http://www.health.qld.gov.au/psq/pathways/docs/pre-op-check-a3-11.pdf

Let’s Be Lefties For a Day

The discussion of the importance of understanding cultural, ethnic, and gender differences by managers and professionals in a business setting begins with defining the key terms. Diversity is defined as â€Å"real or perceived differences among people that affect their interactions and relationships â€Å"(Bell, 2007). According to Week 1 lecture (SOCS 350, 2013), cultural diversity is defined as: â€Å"the existence of a wide variety of cultures and subcultures represented within a community†. This is evident in most work settings across the world. So how do I understand the importance and differences brought to the table by all of the different individuals? In our textbook Diversity in Organizations, it talks about Taylor Cox and Stacy Blake’s research studies on understanding diversity in the workplace. Their studies and explanations have been used in many textbooks and news regarding diversity. They explain how effective management of diversity can benefit organizations in the area of cost, resource acquisition, marketing, creativity, problem solving, and system flexibility. I agree that diversity can bring so much to a workplace. A personal experience of mine occurred at the community hospital near my hometown. The hospital had a predominantly low-income, African American population that used the emergency room. I was a young Caucasian woman who quickly became charge nurse for the night shift. During busy times, which occurs quite often in emergency rooms, I would be yelled at and even called racist if a white person was called back to a room first. I was lucky enough to have the benefit of the mayor of the predominantly African American community work as a LPN in the emergency room with me. He was an older African American, well known throughout the community, and very well respected. I could send him out to talk to unhappy patients because they took better to him, probably due to having the same ethnic/cultural background. He then explained things again and for some reason it was most often taken better, and proved I was not being racist and these are the policies that I followed. In the workplace though, especially a hospital setting, it is extremely beneficial to have all cultural backgrounds employed. Every patient that comes in is not going to be of the same ethnic or cultural background as you and sometimes like in my example it is easier to relate to someone with the same ethnicity. It is a beneficial skill for employees to understand different cultures to communicate effectively. Cox and Blake also proposed that â€Å"an organization’s reputation for valuing all types of workers will also affect its ability to market to different types of consumers. Consumers who appreciate fair treatment for everyone will be more likely to patronize an organization known to value diversity and to treat all workers fairly†. I truly believe that is accurate, and is shown to be proven accurate at my hospital. In our example in class using the ball and sock experiment, I learned how diverse America is. People do things a little bit different, and that is what makes us a culturally diverse country. Just because you do something right-handed and I do it left-handed does not mean I am doing it wrong. I am left-handed, and yes I have become ambidextrous also because of the predominantly right-handed population. This just shows me that people are able to adapt to change, and not one certain way, color, gender, race, age is better than another. There are numerous benefits to valuing diversity, especially in a business setting. With each unique combination of gender, ethnic background, culture, and life experiences, each person brings different sets of strengths, skills, and approaches to problems. I believe all businesses can benefit from a diverse body of talent bringing fresh ideas, perspectives, and views to the workplace.

History Argumentative Essay Topics - Is it a Scam?

History Argumentative Essay Topics - Is it a Scam? Understanding History Argumentative Essay Topics Unlike most of the students, an expert essay writer always studies the company essay topic before beginning their work. You're writing a particular sort of essay, so in case you stray from the particulars, you're risking to alter the intent of your paper, and that's unacceptable. The sort of essay you're looking for will be provided to you within the deadline provided to you. A narrative essay provides the writer the chance to share a story for a student, the introduction includes a definition of organization in regard to the topic. Thus, writing a history paper will definitely be fun, if you only choose a really intriguing history essay topic. A great collection historical analysis essay topic which is going to be suitable to anybody is difficult to find, because everyone has their own preferences. In the event you can't find your subject here, don't hesitate to have a talk with our staff and set an order for a customized history essay on your distinct subject. The student should investigate a topic, evaluate evidence, collect, generate, and set a standpoint on the subject in a powerful and concise way. The Downside Risk of History Argumentative Essay Topics So when you have an essay assigned that you will need help with, you can purchase essay online cheap from us. Consider this issue of the history essay you've already written before. If you would like to write a fantastic history essay you'd better select a topic that is familiar to you. If you have to compose a persuasive essay about the military an d don't know the best places to start, below is a list of topics to take into account. Don't forget that, exactly like with any other paper, there's a particular structure of a persuasive essay that you have to follow. There are a couple of straightforward guidelines to follow to be able to be in a position to compose a great persuasive essay. In order to give an in-depth understanding about the argumentative essay, it is advisable to take a look at some of the greatest examples of argumentative essay. Any superior task finishes with an amazing conclusion and the very best examples of the argumentative essay will arrive in with a conclusion with an overview of all of the points together with a gist of the evidences provided. Each writer ought to be in a position to process the info, gather the essential material and data to make an extensive assignment on argumentative essay topics. It is possible to even outline how you wish to present the ending of the essay. If you wish to compose the essay yourself, we believe it would be best to select a universal subject or issue. Before you commence writing your essay, you should study the sources applicable to the prospective subject, and make certain you have enough evidence to back up your thesis statement. If there's an event or a particular celebration in school, the speech topic you select ought to be about the importance of that particular event. English language classes usually want a lot of writing. There are lots of assortments of topics based on the subject you would decide to compose a paper. Though, make certain the topic you decide to write about is right for that specific class. You don't need to find super technical with legal argumentative essays, but make certain to do your homework on what the recent laws about your favorite topic actually say. If you should do a history project, you must come across an intriguing subject to be able to find the most grade. Yearly driving tests ought to be mandatory over a specific age. The Bad Side of History Argumentative Essay Topics Inspiration to make your own advertising or media argumentative essay topics isn't tough to discover. Writing argumentative essays requires a lot of time to finish, especially when you don't have an assigned topic. Picking the proper essay topic can at times be rather tough. The previous sentence of the essay needs to be inspiring and compelling.

Essay on Job Growth in the United States - 645 Words

The article I selected for my economics project is an intriguing article; which primarily focuses on job growth in the United States. The article is titled â€Å"Job Growth Quickens, But Don’t Expect Fast Fed Taper†. This particular piece was written by Andrea Riquier. The article was written earlier this month on December 6th, 2013 and was published on the website Investors.com. The article discusses job growth in the United States, and how in the recent weeks, the percentage of jobless Americans has actually improved slightly. The article reports that the jobless rate from October to December has dropped from 7.3% to a now 7%. A 7% jobless rate happens to also be a 5-year low for our nation. According to the article, because of the†¦show more content†¦This term is relevant to the article because job growth could potentially lead to a higher consumer confidence. The article reports, â€Å"auto sales are robust†, which indicates an increased con sumer confidence because people are purchasing cars. Cars are expensive and if auto sales are indeed robust, then that is a fairly positive sign for the economy and a strong indication of where consumer confidence is at this given time. Additionally, the article reports that manufacturing growth is at a 2- ½ year high and that home sales are rebounding. With job growth, it only makes sense that there is manufacturing growth going on as well. Manufacturing growth measures if companies are constructing products and the rate at which they are constructing those products. If manufacturing growth is increasing, then that means more products are being released to consumers, which could lead to a healthier economy. The results of manufacturing growth may lead to a healthier economy because since consumer confidence is booming, and companies are increasing their output of products, consumers will most likely purchase products and the result will be a healthier economy. Manufact uring growth and consumer confidence are two economic terms that when involved with each other, can create a very positive result. According to the article, because of the fact that the unemployment rate has aShow MoreRelatedTrade Deficit Grows As Strong Dollar Hurts Exports1280 Words   |  6 PagesTrade Deficit grows as strong Dollar hurts Exports. According to this article â€Å" trade deficit grows as strong Dollar hurts exports† found on the New York Times’ website, the United States trade deficit grew moderately in May of 2015, as reported by commerce department during the week of July 2015. This reflects the decline in sales of American-made Aircraft and Machinery as exports continuously suffer from the strong Dollar. 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